In the last issue we started following a packet's journey from the wire up to the higher levels of network stack processing. We left the packet at the end of layer 3 processing, where IP has ...

The current IP address scheme of 32-bit words is fast becoming inadequate. It would appear that 2 32 = 4 294 967 296 combinations of addresses should be enough for everybody, but in practice this is ...

Last week we posted a simple equation to explain the basic factors influencing application response time. Because it is pared down to show only the most influential factors and not all the factors ...

The purpose of the network layer is to help route messages between different local networks. Central to this layer is the concept of exclusive network addresses, where every terminal connected to the ...

It’s a common benchmarking practice to take multiple measurements of throughput or latency, each using a different packet size. There’s no one right answer as to which packet size represents the ‘best ...